To determine the number of orbitals that have unpaired electrons in transition elements based on the number of gas atoms begin. Practical formula:
1. Atomic number VIIA + (1-7)
Unpaired electron orbital = 1 / 2 VIIIA + 1
2. Atomic number VIIIA + 8
Unpaired electron orbital = 1 / 2 VIIIA + 2
3. Atomic number VIIIA + 9
Unpaired electron orbital = 1 / 2 VIIIA + 3
And so on until VIIIA + 12 = 1 / 2 VIIIA + 6
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